• Mac Os Mojave
• Mac Os Control Panel

Feb 05, 2013 Up through Lion, a kernel panic looked like this (on an otherwise unresponsive screen). Starting in OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion, OS X automatically restarts when you have a kernel panic, and then. Prior to Mac OS X, a control panel is a small application which enabled the user to modify software and hardware settings such as the sound volume and desktop pattern. Control panels differ from extensions in that they allow the user to specify options, whereas extensions provide the user with no interface for setting preferences.

Switch Control scans your screen until you click a switch. This single click selects an item or performs an action.

Enable Switch Control

1. Choose Apple menu () > System Preferences, then click Accessibility.
2. Select Switch Control from the list of accessibility options.
3. Click the General tab.
4. Select Enable Switch Control.

After enabling Switch Control, the Home panel appears:

To cycle through items in the Home panel, press a switch, such as your mouse button or the Space bar. Press the switch a second time to select the highlighted item.

Set up your switches

Use Switch Control preferences in the Accessibility pane of System Preferences to set up switches that perform an action when pressed. You can use a mouse, keyboard, or dedicated switch hardware connected via USB or Bluetooth. You can also change existing switch actions.

By default, the Space bar is used as a switch when Switch Control is enabled.

• To add a switch, click the Add button (+) in the Switches tab, then press your adaptive switch. Enter a name, then select an action such as Stop Scanning. To have the switch run a script or open an app, click Custom, then choose the script or app.
• To remove a switch, select a switch in the list, then click the Remove button (–).
• To change the behavior of an existing switch, select a switch in the list, click , then change the name or action. To use a different switch for the action, click Reassign.

Scan and select items

Scan items
When you press the Select Item switch, Switch Control begins stepping through a panel, group, or user interface. Switch control highlights each item or group as it scans. The scan pauses when you select an item, unless you've set the option to keep scanning after a selection is set. If you turned auto scanning off, press the Move To Next Item switch to advance the scan. Switch Control repeats (or loops) a scan as set in the Navigation pane.

Select an item
When an item is highlighted, press the Select Item switch. If the selected item is a group, and you didn’t set the option to resume scanning after a selection, press the switch to scan the group. Then press the switch to select an item in the group.

To exit a group, press the switch when the group is highlighted or when you hear ”step out.”

If you need to use the pointer to click an item that isn't part of an app's interface, you can use Pointer mode to scan the screen and click an item.

1. Click to begin scanning horizontally.
2. When the range finder highlights the area you want to click, click your switch again.
3. Click another time to precisely refine your horizontal position.
4. The next click starts the vertical range finder scan.
5. Click again to refine your vertical position.
6. Click your switch a final time to click the element on the screen that is currently under the blue crosshair you created on the screen.

Use panels

Set panel options
In a panel, click the Select Item switch when the Panel Options icon in the upper-right corner is highlighted. Then click the switch again when the option you want to set is highlighted. You can decrease or increase the size of the panel, and increase or decrease its transparency.

Return to the Home panel
In a panel, click the Select Item switch when the Home icon in the upper-right corner is highlighted. In the interface, press the switch when the Home panel is highlighted.

Use the Home panel

Keyboard
Type text in a document or field by scanning the keyboard in the panel, opening a group of keys, and then selecting a key. The first group contains suggested words based on the first keys you press. This lets you save typing time by selecting a suggested word. Other keyboards may be available in the Custom panel.

Pointer
To move the pointer to an area of the screen, select Move. A vertical block starts to glide across the screen. When you press the Select Item switch, the block stops and a vertical blue line starts to glide across the block. Press the switch again to either stop the blue line or substantially slow it down before you press the switch again to stop it (based on the setting of Gliding Cursor Precision in the Navigation pane). When you do the same horizontally, you'll see the pointer move to the intersection of the two blue lines.

App
Scan items and groups in the active window of the current app.

Dock
Immediately start scanning just the items in the Dock.

Menu Bar
Scan the menu bar group, then the menu extras group.

System
Control the volume or display brightness of your Mac, and control media playback.

Custom
You can create custom panels in the Accessibility pane of System Preferences. Select Switch Control, then click Open Panel Editor. Any custom panels you create appear here.

Location
Use this option to reposition the Switch Control Home panel on the screen.

Learn more

To further customize Switch Control, use the Navigation tab in the Switch Control section of Accessibility preferences. You can learn more about Switch Control and the Switch Control Panel Editor from the Apple Accessibility website and from the built-in help included with your Mac. Click the help button in the Accessibility pane of System Preferences, or search for Switch Control from the Help menu in the Finder menu bar.

No matter how reliable your Mac, every once in awhile we encounter some problems. No system works perfectly. Sometimes freezes and slow performance can be fixed by simply restarting your Mac. Sometimes problems can be remedied by running a couple of tools. But sometimes issues are so severe you may have to completely restore your Mac operating system.

While that may sound a little ominous, there’s no reason to panic. Restoring your Mac OS is pretty simple even for those who have limited computer troubleshooting knowledge.

What’s even better is there are four ways to restore your operating system, so there are always backup options in case one didn’t work. These options include restoring your OS from the Mac App Store, restoring it through macOS Recovery, restoring it via Internet Recovery Mode, and lastly, hooking up your machine to an external drive with a bootable version of your Mac OS.

Restore from Mac App Store

To restore from the Mac App Store:

1. Click on the Apple icon in the upper left corner of your screen.
2. Open the App Store.
3. Click on the Purchased tab in the Mac App Store window.
4. Look for your operating system from the list of purchased apps.
5. Click Download (you won’t be charged for reinstalling apps).
6. Click Continue to confirm that you want to install software that is already on your computer.
7. After the OS has been downloaded, click Install.
8. Wait for the installation to finish.

Start up from macOS Recovery

If you encountered issues downloading the Mac OS from the App Store, you can restore your operating system through macOS Recovery. This will allow you to choose which versions of macOS you want to install on your Mac.*

When initializing macOS Recovery, the following key combinations will allow you to install different macOS versions:

● Command-R restores the latest macOS that was installed on your Mac without upgrading to a later version.
● Option-Command-R upgrades to the latest macOS that is compatible with your Mac.
● Shift-Option-Command-R restores the macOS that came with your Mac or the version closest to it that is still available.

To initiate the restoration via the macOS Recovery

1. Start or restart your Mac.
2. Hold down any of the key combinations presented above.
3. Release the keys once you see the Apple logo or a spinning color wheel.
4. Wait for the macOS Utilities window to appear.
5. Continue to the next section and choose whether to erase your startup disk or begin reinstalling macOS.

Erase Startup Disk or Reinstall OS?

Mac Os Mojave

Erasing your startup disk prior to restoring your Mac OS is up to you, however, you might want to do this if:

1. Your computer is having an issue that Disk Utility can’t repair.
2. The macOS installer says that it can’t install on your computer or volume.
3. Your startup disk can’t be used to start your computer (this is likely to happen if you try to install an older macOS on top of a newer macOS).

REMEMBER, ONLY DO THIS IF YOU HAVE BACKED UP YOUR HARD DRIVE FIRST!

If you need to erase your startup disk,

1. Select Disk Utility from the utilities window of macOS Recovery.
2. Click Continue.
3. Select your startup disk in the sidebar of Disk Utility.
4. Make sure you select the disk name and not the volume name under it.
5. Click the Erase button or tab.
6. If you don’t see an erase button or tab, select the volume name under the disk name, then look again.
7. Complete these fields:
Name: Enter a name for your disk, such as “Macintosh HD”.
Format: Choose Mac OS Extended (Journaled).
Scheme (if available): Choose GUID Partition Map.
8. Click Erase to begin erasing your disk.
9. Once you’re done, quit Disk Utility to return to the utilities window.
10. You’re now ready to restore your macOS.

Restore your macOS

If you’re done erasing your startup disk or you think it’s not necessary, you may proceed with restoring your macOS.**

1. Choose Reinstall macOS (or Reinstall OS X) from the utilities window.
2. Click Continue, then follow the onscreen instructions.
3. Select a startup disk.
4. Click Install.
5. Provide your Apple ID to verify eligibility to install macOS if asked.
6. Wait for the installation to finish.
7. After the installation is finished, your Mac will restart.

Notes:

* If you’re selling or giving away a Mac running on OS X El Capitan or earlier, use Option-Command-R to make sure that your Apple ID will not be associated with the installation.

**If you erased your disk before restoring your OS, or you’re creating a new startup disk, your Mac will direct you to a setup assistant after restarting. If you’re keeping your Mac, you can just use your own information to finish the setup. If you’re selling or giving it away, press Command-Q to quit the setup assistant and finish the process.

Restoring Via Internet Recovery Mode

Sometimes, restoring your Mac OS via Recovery may not be possible – a damaged recovery partition being one of the possible reasons why. This is when Internet Recovery comes in handy.

Available on newer versions of Mac, the Internet Recovery mode is the internet-based counterpart of Recovery mode and works by downloading recovery tools from Apple’s servers into your Mac. Internet Recovery Mode, however, only allows you to restore the OS that came preinstalled on your Mac when you purchased it as opposed to Recovery Mode which allows you to restore the latest version of your OS.

If both of your Mac’s startup volume and its recovery partition are damaged or no longer work, the computer will automatically enter Internet Recovery Mode.

To start Internet Recovery Mode,

1. Go to the Apple menu.
2. Click Restart or power on your Mac.
3. Hold down the Command – Option – R keys immediately after your Mac starts.
4. Release the keys when the globe appears on the screen.
5. Wait for the Wi-fi menu to appear.
6. When the Wi-Fi menu appears, choose a Wi-fi network to connect to.
7. Once you’re connected to the internet, your Mac will download a recovery system image from Apple’s servers and use it to start the recovery process (note that this can take anywhere between a few minutes to a couple of hours).
8. Wait for the Utilities window to appear.
9. Click Reinstall OS.

Please note that you can only restore your Mac OS on a Wi-fi or Ethernet connection using WPA/WPA2 authentication protocols. If you’re connected to a network using either WEP, WPA-Enterprise, PPPoE protocols or any proxies, you will need to change the network settings to the required configuration first before the recovery process can continue and make sure that it stays that way until the installation is complete.

If for one, reason or another, the Internet Recovery Mode didn’t work as well, you can also restore your Mac OS by using an external drive with a bootable copy of your Mac OS.

Restore Your Mac OS via External Drive (see subject below for instructions on installing macOS on an external drive)

If you install the Mac operating system on an external hard drive, thumb drive, or other storage device, you can use it to restore your OS instead of going through the other three options. Just make sure that your storage device has been properly formatted, preferably as Mac OS Extended, and not FAT, ExFAT, or NTFS.

You also need to confirm that it is using a GUID partition map to make sure that it can be used as a replacement for your startup disk.

To confirm:

1. Connect your external storage device to your Mac.
2. Choose Apple menu.
3. Click About This Mac.
4. Click the System Report button.

Alternatively, you can also:

1. Hold down the Option key.
2. Choose Apple menu.
3. Click System Information.
4. Select Storage from the sidebar.
5. Select storage device from the list of volumes.

Please make sure that the Partition Map Type shown for your storage device is GPT (GUID Partition Table).

Install macOS on Your Storage Device

Follow the same steps when restoring your macOS, but select your external storage device instead when the installer asks you to choose a destination disk.

After installing the operating system on a properly formatted storage device, choose one of these methods to use that device as the startup disk for your Mac.

Use Startup Disk preferences

If you use Startup Disk preferences to select a startup disk, your Mac will always use this disk to start until you choose a different one.

1. Choose Apple menu.
2. System Preferences.
3. Click Startup Disk.
4. Select your startup disk.
5. Restart your Mac.

Mac Os Control Panel

Use Startup Manager

If you use Startup Manager to select a startup disk, your Mac will start from this disk once, then return to using the default disk.

1. Hold down the Option key after starting your Mac.
2. Release the Option key when you see the Startup Manager window.
3. Select your startup disk, then click the arrow or press Return.

Problem Selecting Startup Disk

If you’re using third-party external devices, your Mac may have some trouble detecting it. Because of security concerns, some of these devices use Option ROM firmware that Mac computers with updated software don’t automatically load.

To fix this, just press Option-Shift-Command-Period at the Startup Manager window. Do this each time you want to start from the external device or from a startup disk connected to it.

If you don’t want to do this and you’re using an older Mac model (2015 and before), you can can disable this security feature and allow your Mac to load Option ROM firmware. However, beware that doing this may make your Mac vulnerable to unauthorized access.

To disable this feature,

1. Open the Terminal app in the Utilities folder of your Applications folder.
2. Type sudo nvram enable-legacy-orom-behavior=1, then press Return.
3. To undo this command, enter sudo nvram -d enable-legacy-orom-behavior.

Notes:

1. The amount of time that it will take to start your computer and complete the installation process will largely depend on your external device’s processing capabilities.

2. Should you wish to use an external USB drive as a startup disk, please remember that the drive must have Mac OS X Tiger v10.4.5 or later installed, and your Mac must have an Intel processor.

3. If your Mac is using OS X Lion v10.7.3 or later, you can use Startup Manager to start from your Time Machine backup disk. You can find your Time Machine backup under the name ”EFI Boot.”